What defines a formative assessment in reading instruction?

Formative assessment in reading instruction is characterized by its ongoing nature and its primary purpose to inform teaching practices. The correct choice emphasizes that formative assessments are conducted throughout the learning process, allowing educators to gauge students’ understanding and progress continuously. This feedback enables teachers to adjust their instructional strategies, address individual learning needs, and provide timely support, enhancing student comprehension and engagement.

In contrast, the other options represent different types of assessments. Grading final projects is a summative assessment, focusing on measuring students' performance after instruction. A standard test administered at the end of the year serves a similar summative function, providing a snapshot of what students have learned rather than guiding instruction during the learning process. An evaluation that has no impact on instruction does not serve the purpose of formative assessments, which are inherently designed to influence and improve teaching methods based on student responses and progress.