TEXES Science of Teaching Reading Practice Test

What is a common aspect of effective phonics instruction?

1. Using only auditory representations of letters

2. Introducing all letter-sound correspondences at once

3. Providing systematic instruction aligned with the alphabetic principle

4. Focusing exclusively on letter identification in isolation

The correct answer is: Providing systematic instruction aligned with the alphabetic principle

Effective phonics instruction is characterized by systematic and explicit instruction that aligns with the alphabetic principle, which teaches students that written letters represent sounds in spoken language. This method helps learners make connections between letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes), allowing them to decode and encode words proficiently. By focusing on a structured approach, students can develop a clear understanding of how letters combine to form sounds and words, making it easier for them to read fluently and comprehend text. In contrast, relying solely on auditory representations of letters limits the reinforcement of the visual aspects of reading. Introducing all letter-sound correspondences at once can overwhelm learners, preventing them from effectively mastering each correspondence. Lastly, concentrating exclusively on letter identification in isolation neglects the crucial context of how these letters work together in words, which is vital for developing reading skills.